La relación entre la despersonalización y la inteligencia interpersonal autopercibida entre profesores ecuatorianos de educación superior

Jose Alejandro Valdevila Figueira, Omar Ruiz-Barzola, Jessica Vera-Bermudez, Indira Dayana Carvajal Parra, Rocío Valdevila Santiesteban, Luis Patricio Benenaula Vargas

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Resumen

Introducción: La relación entre el desgaste profesional y la inteligencia emocional se ha estudiado ampliamente. Alteraciones en dimensiones como el agotamiento emocional, la realización personal y las habilidades intrapersonales han demostrado una estrecha relación con el ejercicio de la docencia, con diferencias notables con otras dimensiones como la despersonalización y las habilidades interpersonales.

Objetivo:Evaluar la asociación entre el indicador de despersonalización y las habilidades interpersonales en profesores universitarios ecuatorianos.

Materiales y método: Se aplicó la versión adaptada para docentes del Maslach Burnout Inventory Educator Survey. Para la determinación de la inteligencia interpersonal se utilizó una escala ad hoc elaborada por los investigadores.

Resultados: Se observaron bajos niveles de despersonalización y altos niveles de inteligencia interpersonal. La mayoría de los docentes valoraron positivamente sus habilidades interpersonales. Se encontró una relación negativa, pero significativa entre la despersonalización y la inteligencia interpersonal, con diferencias notables entre géneros. Los hombres mostraron niveles más altos de despersonalización en comparación con las mujeres.

Conclusiones: Este estudio revela una asociación significativa entre la despersonalización y la inteligencia interpersonal en el contexto académico. Los hallazgos sugieren que, aunque los hombres experimentan mayores niveles de despersonalización, la autopercepción de habilidades interpersonales es generalmente alta en ambos géneros. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de considerar factores personales y de género en el bienestar y desempeño de los docentes universitarios, al desafiar la noción de que la experiencia académica por sí sola es suficiente para un buen desempeño educativo.

Palabras clave

burnout docente, despersonalización, cinismo, habilidades interpersonales, autoconcepto, diferencias de sexo

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