Interacción entre enfermedad mental grave y patología autoinmune: esquizofrenia y artritis psoriásica
Palabras clave:
schizophrenia; psoriatic arthritis; comorbidityResumen
Introducción: En la actualidad se reconoce una asociación bidireccional entre esquizofrenia y enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas como la artritis y la psoriasis. Estos trastornos comparten mecanismos fisiopatológicos comunes, entre ellos la disfunción inmunológica, la activación proinflamatoria sistémica y alteraciones en el eje neuro inmunológico. La esquizofrenia se ha vinculado a un estado inflamatorio crónico de bajo grado, mientras que la artritis y la psoriasis presentan mayor prevalencia de trastornos psiquiátricos, lo que sugiere una interacción compleja entre inflamación, genética, estrés y factores ambientales, con implicaciones relevantes para el abordaje clínico integral.
Presentación del caso: Paciente femenina que presentó síntomas psiquiátricos agudos o recurrentes, acompañados de deterioro cognitivo, rigidez en las manos y lesiones en piel de regiones auricular y peri auricular, con radiografía de manos donde se evidencia marcados signos radiológicos de artropatía crónica.
Conclusión: Este caso clínico subraya la interconexión entre enfermedades psiquiátricas crónicas y trastornos autoinmunes/inflamatorios, destacando el eje cerebro-piel-articulaciones. La evolución de una esquizofrenia paranoide de larga data hacia psoriasis y artritis psoriásica sugiere que la activación inflamatoria sistémica persistente y el estrés crónico actúan como desencadenantes inmunológicos. Se destaca la importancia del manejo interdisciplinario (psiquiatría, dermatología, reumatología) para el abordaje integral de la paciente.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Jose Alejandro Valdevila FIgueira, Horacio Enrique Gaibor Mendoza, Bruno Nativi Merchan, Indira Dayana Carvajal Parra
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
