Factores asociados a depresión, ansiedad y estrés durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en estudiantes universitarios

Kelly García Bravo, Edith Araceli Cano Estrada, José Ángel Hernández-Mariano, Ana Cristina Castañea Márquez

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Introducción. Los estudiantes universitarios enfrentan desafíos que los hacen vulnerables a problemas de salud mental. Además, la incertidumbre y miedo que se vivió durante el confinamiento por la pandemia del COVID-19 pudo afectar aún más su bienestar emocional.

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la presencia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes universitarios de Hidalgo, México, durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19.

Material y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, realizado en una muestra de 307 estudiantes universitarios. Se aplicó la versión abreviada de la Escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés (DASS – 21). Los factores sociodemográficos y académicos de los participantes se identificaron mediante un cuestionario de datos generales. Las asociaciones de interés se evaluaron mediante modelos de regresión logística ajustados por confusores.

Resultados. La prevalencia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés fue 47,2%, 63,5% y 30,6%, respectivamente. Las mujeres y aquellos estudiantes que habían enfermado en algún momento de COVID-19 tuvieron más posibilidades de presentar dichas condiciones en salud mental.

Conclusiones: La frecuencia de problemas de salud mental en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19 fue alta. Factores como el sexo y el haberse infectado con este virus se asociaron con mayores posibilidades de presentar depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Dada la susceptibilidad de los estudiantes a presentar afectaciones en su bienestar emocional durante su formación académica, es importante que los programas universitarios brinden apoyo psicológico para que estos puedan afrontar situaciones estresantes, aunque ahora nos encontramos en una fase endémica del COVID-19.

Palabras clave

Depresión, ansiedad, estrés, estudiantes, COVID-19

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